120 Outlet Wiring

The high voltage (about 120 volts effective, 60 Hz AC) is supplied to the smaller prong of the standard polarized U.S. receptacle. It is commonly called the "hot wire". If an appliance is plugged into the receptacle, then electric current will flow through the appliance and then back to the wider prong, the neutral.

What wire do I use for 120 volt outlet?

To wire a 110 volt/120 volt outlet, you need 3 wires, green or bare copper is the ground, white is neutral, and usually black or red is the hot (live) wire (in this case my Hot is the purple wire). In the home, you will usually use Romex wire that you can get at the hardware store.

Which wire goes to which prong?

A polarized plug will have one prong wider than the other, which is the neutral, and usually silver-colored prong. The hot prong will be narrower and usually gold colored. With a non-polarized plug, you can wire either wire to either prong.

Which side of the plug is positive and negative?

Which side of a 2-prong plug is positive? Because we use A/C current, prongs don't have have a positive and negative. Instead, the two prongs have a 'hot' and 'neutral' side. The wider prong connects to the neutral wire and the smaller prong smaller prong is the hot side of the circuit.

Do I need 120v hot and neutral?

Hot-neutral is the load voltage. Voltage should read about 120 V (typically 115 V to 125 V).

Why does 120v need a neutral?

Without it, there would be no circuit for electricity to flow along and complete its circle back to the power source. Neutral wires are important at every point in your entire electrical system—from when they leave a transformer or fuse box all the way through their journey until they return to the source.

Should I use 12 or 14 gauge wire?

Only use 14-gauge wire for an outlet if the outlet is on a 15-amp circuit. If the outlet is on a 20-amp circuit, it should be wired with 12-gauge wire. You can also use 12-gauge wire for outlets on 15-amp circuits.

Is it OK to use 12 gauge wire on a 15 amp circuit?

However, 12-gauge wire is acceptable on both 15- and 20-amp circuits, so some electricians use it exclusively when wiring a house. This avoids the potential for mixing wire gauges in future repairs or additions, which is prohibited by the National Electric Code because it's a fire hazard.

Can I mix 12 and 14 gauge wire?

Certainly, but you shouldn't exceed the current capacity of the smaller conductor. In this case, the 14 gauge wire, which in the US at 120V is typically rated at 15 Amps. (12 AWG is rated at 20 Amps.)

Does it matter which wire goes where on a plug?

The wire that goes to the narrower prong has a smooth, plain surface or is gold in color. Buy a polarized plug from Home Depot right now. When connecting an electrical wire to a screw terminal, always wrap the wire clockwise around the screw.

What color wires go on an outlet?

The black wire is the "hot" wire, it carries the electricity from the breaker panel into the switch or light source. The white wire is the "neutral" wire, it takes any unused electricity and current and sends it back to the breaker panel.

What color wire goes where on an outlet?

White (neutral) goes on the side allocated for the larger prong. Black (Hot) goes on the smaller prong side or white to silver screws, black to gold screws. Ground (bare wire) to green.

How can I tell which wire is positive and negative?

Here's how to tell the wire colors apart:

1. The red wire is positive.
2. The black wire is negative.
3. The white wire (if present) is ground (sometimes called neutral in DC). If both wires are black but one has a white stripe, the striped wire is negative, while the plain black wire is positive.

Which wire is hot on a 3 prong plug?

What wires go on a three prong plug? The left slot is "neutral" and the associated white wire should be connected to the silver screw. The right slot is "hot" and the associated black wire should be connected to the brass screw.

Is black wire positive or negative?

When wiring for DC power, there are typically going to be either two or three wires. The coloring is as follows: The positive current must be red. The negative current must be black.

Can I get shocked from a neutral wire?

The neutral wire does have current going through it. However, we do not get shocked when we touch something with current going through it, we get shocked when current goes through us.

Will a light work without a neutral?

Can a light work without a neutral? Sure, but if you have no neutral you have to have something else to return lightbulb current to. It can't be ground, because that is illegal. The only remaining choice is the second phase conductor most homes have, the other phase wire.

What happens if neutral is not grounded?

If the grounded (neutral) service conductor is opened or not provided at all, objectionable neutral current will flow on metal parts of the electrical system and dangerous voltage will be present on the metal parts providing the potential for electric shock.

Can I tie the neutral and ground together?

No, the neutral and ground should never be wired together. This is wrong, and potentially dangerous. When you plug in something in the outlet, the neutral will be live, as it closes the circuit. If the ground is wired to the neutral, the ground of the applicance will also be live.

Can I use ground as neutral?

If wired properly, we can use neutral as ground wire. We cannot use ground as neutral as it doesn't provide the normal return path for the current.